The three questions that cover most problems
Almost every percentage question is a version of one of three: find a percentage of a number, find what percentage one number is of another, or find the change between two values. Learn the common fractions (12.5% is 1/8, 16.67% is 1/6, 33.33% is 1/3) and many calculations become instant.
Worked examples
Example 1. What is 35% of 240? Take 10% as 24, 30% as 72 and 5% as 12, so 35% is 84.
Example 2. A price rises from 80 to 92. The increase is 12, and 12/80 = 15%, so the rise is 15%.
Where to go next
Once percentage feels easy, move to profit and loss and data interpretation, which use it constantly. If you are preparing for a specific exam, see how it appears in the SSC CGL quantitative section.